This article "Durango Cartel" is from Wikipedia. The face of the typical immigrant has been changing over the last few years. , Sinaloa, by the Army. The PRI, and thus the government, has simply been corrupted, and there is little interest or incentive within the PRI to come clean. They may in fact be adhering to the tactical terrorist philosophies of Frantz Fanon (1982) and Carlos Marighella (1985), a philosophy that proved successful in the overthrow of Cuba some 40 years ago. It also has access to large vehicles that can easily move large quantities of the bulky weed. though they did get RR. Of all the towns in the municipality, it occupies the number #4 in terms of number of inhabitants. AFP, "Mexico wary of money-laundering bill," 9/27/99, internet. established connections in South America and had diversified into cocaine. Is that due to the fact that all of the candidates were on the take or was this a relatively clean election? Whatever you say. At around 7:00 am on Friday, January 20, 2023, Crescencio Sandoval, the head of the Army announced that an operation to capture an important Sinaloa Cartel - Los Cabreras figure was currently being carried out in Durango. And because they are in complete control, they can keep 100 percent of the profits." He had left the Colombians in the dust. La fiscal, Sonia Yadira d la garza Fragoso, ? Three trucks speeding from the airstrip were caught, accounting for 2.5 tons of cocaine. 6. International extradition treaties need to be developed among countries that lack such agreements. The Herrera family - In some ways, this is not really a cartel per se, but an old time Mexican mafia family akin to the Camorra of Naples or the Black mobs of the eastern United States. There is no clamor in Mexico to stop the cartels. Mexico experienced 40 to 50 gangland slayings in the following six months (Reuters, 2/13/98). Auto theft fell about 20 percent in 1997 due to these efforts. Both were "conveniently" assassinated; one in March and the other in September, and Zedillo was subsequently "elected" President. Will the Mexican cartels be able to bring the vitality and adaptive capabilities into the 21st century that have allowed them to be so successful in the 20th? The Ministry, so that begin investigations. The plane was being serviced and fueled by Mexican military personnel. In November of 1991, for example, a United States Customs Service plane trailing a Mexican police plane in pursuit of a plane transporting drugs recorded an extraordinary scene using long range infrared video equipment. In contrast, there are a significant number of investigative newspaper reporters in Mexico who seem willing to take on the cartels. AFP, "Madrazo, Labastida share victory in debate of Mexican hopefuls: polls," 9/9/99, internet. Similar to the model established in previous years, at the proverbial 11th hour before the 1999 certification decisions were to be revealed by President Clinton, then Mexican Interior Minister Francisco Labastida, announced a $500 million anti-drug strategy that would be implemented over the next three years (AFP, 2/4/99). AFP, "U.S. issues annual anti-drug ruling," 12/13/97, internet. As of this writing, the cartels are moving with great success, perhaps too much success, for the street level law enforcement community reports that drug supplies are up, purity is up, and prices are down. , the Cabrera brothers started out initially focused on marijuana planting and cultivation in the mountainous area of the state of Durango. They quickly began working under Joaquin Guzman, El Chapo, and Ismael Zambada, El Mayo, of the Sinaloa Cartel. controlled as much as 90% of local heroin distribution. 84-101. A recently published Mexican government report found that Mexicans are taking more drugs at younger ages and are beginning to favor low-grade cocaine over marijuana. Clearly one of the reasons that the Colombian cartels lost power in the early and mid-1990s was because the multi-party political system in Colombia began to assert itself. The whole notion makes little sense to the Mexican people who currently place this issue in the center of their political radar. In a minor blow to Fuentes in the spring of 1997, this relationship was uncovered, and Rebollo was forced to resign (Brant, 1997), and was eventually sentenced to 13 years and nine months in prison (Reuters, 3/3/97). The command of the AFP, "Mexican judge slashes jail sentence of brother of ex-president," 7/16/99, internet. Ramn Eduardo Pequeo said it is known that the detainee had differences He made the announcement during one of the daily presidential press conferences. ALL in Carreras town are in it since the 50's. Unlike the cocaine business, where traffickers from Mexico are just one link in a chain, meth is one rung they can control from beginning to end. Among other functions, they select their successors to the Office of President, approve legislative and state gubernatorial candidates (de-facto appointments), select the attorney general, select high-ranking military officials, select supreme court justices, select the head of the PRI Central Executive Committee (the de-facto ruling body of Mexico), and regularly by-pass the legislature and issue executive decrees or orders ("reglamentos") that have the effect of law. The family head gives to the poor, plays the role of loving community godfather at many funerals and weddings, builds water and sewer systems, puts in street lights, builds hospitals. AFP, "Mexican opposition, ruling party running neck-and-neck: poll," 8/30/99, internet. Welcome to the Las Herreras google satellite map! Brutality and calloused disregard for life became the norm for rebel and soldier alike. While there is no hard data, the generally accepted figure is that Mexico sees $40 billion a year from the drug trade (though it does not all come from the United States). INTRODUCTION TO THE DRUG CARTELS AND THE DRUG WARS Endless and eternal is their name. In the 1980s the Colombian drug cartels rose to power, and they needed a way to bring cocaine into the American market. What remains to be seen is if Fox is full of typical political rhetoric or atypical substance. Will the Mexican cartels try their hand in the burgeoning European economies or limit their focus to the western hemisphere? Blustein, Paul, "Mexico to pay back U.S. loan early," Washington Post, 3/16/97, p. E3. "These are just isolated cases of smugglers reacting to increased patrols," said Carlos Luna Herrera, regional coordinator of Grupo Beta (AP, 7/28/99). More particularly, one party began to publicly accuse the other of being corrupt. Cut Colombia out of the picture with respect to the cocaine trade by dealing directly with Peruvian and Bolivian suppliers. Though not politically popular, the data clearly indicates that law enforcement/military interdiction alone cannot solve this problem. At one such meeting, in January of 1992, Cali Cartel leaders Miguel and Gilberto Rodriguez-Orejula decided that Juarez Cartel leader Carrillo Fuentes would arrange to fly planes loaded with cocaine directly from Colombia to Mexico. Associated Press, "Former Mexican prosector indicted," 8/27/99, internet. Consider the following statement made in 1997 by Thomas Constantine, then Director of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): "These sophisticated drug syndicate groups from Mexico have eclipsed organized crime groups from Colombia as the premier law enforcement threat facing the United States." There is some precedent for this - the European community, for example, has seen some success in its multi-national cooperative law enforcement efforts as they have taken on the Italian mafia(Edelbacher, 1998). As has been previously noted, Mexican Presidents serve for one, six year term. United States General Accounting Office, Drug Control: Counternarcotics Efforts in Mexico. Subsequently postal money orders and cashiers checks are written on those accounts and mailed to the Colombians, who then may use these financial instruments to purchase commodities in Colombia. Zarembo, Alan, "Soda Pop to Vox Populi," Newsweek, July 17, 2000, p. 36. Since 1990, the United States has increased the number of DEA agents on the border by 37 percent. Mexico is a major money-laundering location because of its lack of significant regulations on banking transactions. Find out more interesting facts about all the towns in the Municipality of Santiago Papasquiaro (statistics, photos, maps, restaurants) at this link. All told, the drug trade remains a mega-billion dollar industry; $400 billion a year worldwide, with perhaps as much as $40 billion of that finding its way to Mexico each year, as has been noted above. Are you going to send a letter to Los Herrera? They have historically demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt, just as the American syndicates demonstrated in the post-Prohibition era, and unfortunately appear to have a bright future. Most of the coca crop is grown in Peru and Bolivia and then taken to Colombia to be turned into the final product, cocaine. Numerous accounts are filtering in of camouflaged Mexican military units crossing the "Rio Grande" and carrying out their business on the American side of the border (see AFP, 11/03/00). Some died due to more natural cases (drowning, dehydration, cold weather), but others died due to violence. Texcoco,this guy isnt related to the Herreras from Durango,hes from a town close to Culiacan.He started in the business in the late late 80s early 90s in San Diego.Thats where he learned to process meth,In Americas one time meth capitol of the world.He's NOT from Durango or Michoacan. The average annual temperature is 24C and average annual precipitation is 500 mm. 500 federal, state, and local law enforcement officers in Chicago, Illinois, The Mexican government continues to claim that certification is a unilateral and unfairly judgmental process of evaluation, and President Fox has called for its end. San Diego: University of California at San Diego, 1994. International Herald Tribune, "Mexico city names its next mayor," 10/1/99, p.6. The United States had never formally accepted the fact that American consumption of drugs was the main problem until March of 1998. The Herreras disappeared? LaFranchi, Howard, "Keeping Mexican Migrants Safer," Latinos Unidos, Julio 2000, p. 2. Herrera Herrera was also in wanted by United States authorities for carrying When the value of the peso dropped in 1994-1995, interest rates rose and billions of dollars in bank loans went unpaid. According to recent estimates, 4 percent of the citizens of Mexico City now use cocaine, up from an estimated 1.6 percent just four years ago (Reuters, 3/19/98). 1, 21. This meant that the Mexican cartels now had almost complete control of the cocaine trade in the United States, the largest cocaine market in the world. For a while, the Herrera's were running Colombian cocaine into the United States for the Medellin and then the Cali Cartels. Jorge Hank Rhon, the younger of the two sons, lives in the northern border town of Tijuana and is a close associate of the Felix-Arellano brothers, the leaders of The Federation. AFP, "Zedillo admits to taking money from banker accused of fraud," 5/30/99, internet. Will Puerto Rican cartels, enriched with the hundreds of millions they have accumulated from their mid-1990s trans-shipment operations, rise up and challenge Mexico for the control of the American markets? Coyote's generally hire fence jumpers who are under the age of 18, and thus free from prosecution under federal people-smuggling law. Unfortunately, there are still a number of details that remain to be worked out; what will American agents be allowed to do when in Mexico; how will extradition matters be handled; will American agents be permitted to carry their U.S.-issued firearms when on duty in Mexico? AFP, "Mexican economic growth exceeds forecast: finance minister," 2/11/99, internet. Additionally, the United States will reject financial support from the Export-Import bank for American firms seeking to set up businesses in the de-certified country (see generally, Jones, 1999). In December of 1994, newly appointed federal police chief Juan Pablo de Tavia was poisoned in his sleep. When cut, this amounted to over eight tons of five-percent Mexican officials, in reaction to Clinton's threat of de-certification in 1997, lashed back, accusing the world's biggest drug consumer of hypocrisy. High level officers are just as vulnerable to the corruption it seems. Arax, Mark and Tom Gorman, "The state's illicit farm belt export," Los Angeles Times, 5/13/95, pp. AFP, "Two Mexican drug cartels merge, eye southern U.S. market," 2/16/98, internet. The United States attempted to legislate itself out of the problem a decade ago. With the suspected drug AFP, "Raul Salinas Swiss bank accounts filled with drug money," 12/11/97, internet. He has also openly challenged the United States and Canada to spend up to $30 billion annually to close the "development gap" with Mexico so as to realize an economic convergence between the three nations. Recent reports out of Colombia suggest a plan to re-establish control of the supply lines and to subsequently divide the supply of drugs between Mexico and Puerto Rico, thus forcing the Puerto Rican and Mexican cartels to compete with each other in a classic divide and conquer scheme, leaving the Colombians in a position of dominance. The role of the printed press in contemporary Mexico is also undergoing a significant shift. (6) The plan was never able to be fully realized, for on July 4, 1997, Carrillo Fuentes died while undergoing plastic surgery. El G1 had successfully managed the plazas of San Dimas, Pueblo Nuevo and Otaez in Durango for the brothers for the last couple of years, so in mid-2012 they decided to send him to Comarca Lagunera, a region marked in map below. Its charge is not so much to stop the illegal immigrants, but to protect them and inform them of the dangers. From the standpoint of the business community, the need to move commodities in an expedient fashion is paramount, especially perishable goods which make up a significant portion of the Mexican-American trade. The United States, in an attempt, among other things, to salvage NAFTA, had to put together a $20 billion loan package and stabilize the Mexican economy in February of 1995, an economy that was dependant on the "coca-buck." Different accounts have Raul Salinas, the Gulf Cartel, the Tijuana Cartel, and various members of the PRI party behind the murder. But until 2009, the stolen car market will remain a very lucrative venue for the cartels. While the internal debates continue in this country as to the appropriateness of the certification process, the United States continues to hold this stick of economic sanctions over the collective heads of its trading partners. said the federal official. U.S. (7) A number of the Colombian drug gangs have now abandoned the American market, and have turned their attention to what is fast becoming a literal drug supermarket - Europe and Central Asia. Mayor Enrquez Herrera would go on to run for senator and win the position. Meanwhile, in June 2020, El 01 was successfully, In February 2022, the highly-regarded news publication. How to get to Los Herrera? vehicle's drive-shaft and held several kilos of heroin. This deal was a major turning point in the fortunes of the Mexican cartels. Very quietly from the American public's perspective, these narco-terrorists have amassed a massive military arsenal, more extensive than the Colombian army. several tons of methamphetamine in the 90's. With the satellite map of Los Herrera will I be able to look for my location? Migrant workers were at one time predominantly male; this is no longer the case. The Mexican President from 1988 to 1994 was Carlos Salinas. Some are artistic photos and others are simply panoramic photos taken by amateurs and friends who simply like Los Herrera.See more photos . A March 1997 New York Times article detailed the Fuentes connection with governors of at least two Mexican states - Morelos and Sonora (Reuters, 2/16/97). Those arrested, The polls clearly indicated that in the absence of a united front from the opposition, the PRI party would not have been removed from power, even with the public revelations of gross PRI misconduct (money laundering and bank bailout scam; kidnapping and torture activities; assassination of Massieu and Colosio)(AFP, 8/30/99; 9/1/99). Perhaps an equal amount of money is brought into the country from the drug trade. from what I recall he wasn't a user and the people around him weren't allowed either. The flow of drugs has hardly diminished in recent months, yet the United States has seemed to almost wink at the matter. Early this morning an operation was launched to arrest a financial operator of the Cabrera Sarabia criminal group, part of the Sinaloa Cartel. It completely insulates high-level government officials from liability for their actions. Former Gulf Cartel king-pin Garcia-Abrego, for example, even publically noted the audacity of the Salinas administration coming after him after he arranged with Raul Salinas to have two anti-Salinas candidates killed. Associated Press, "Zedillo faces cat calls during talk," 9/1/99, internet. Any United States attempt to protect its borders, or any mistreatment of Mexican immigrants, raises howls of protest. She won the election at the young age of just 23, becoming the youngest mayor in the history of the state. AFP, "Mexico arrests former top cop," 3/28/98, internet. It has been an important factor in our economy, unquestionably.'" El G1 and El Limones are said to work closely together. Reuters, "Mexico indians reject out-of-date aid in Chiapas," 1/20/98, internet. 7. The suspect Jaime Herrera Herrera was detained in Culiacan in Sinaloa state along with an alleged accomplice. They have now apparently opted out of the current cocaine battles and seem to want to just deal in their "Mexican mud" trade and be left alone. In September of 1994, 16 officers of the National Institute for Combating Drugs were arrested for accepting bribes for overlooking cocaine shipments. He is particularly critical of the United States for harshly evaluating other nations for drug trafficking, when it is the United States who consumes so much of the drugs, and finances these powerful drug-trafficking organizations. The list of its authors can be seen in its historicaland/or the page Edithistory:Durango Cartel. opium poppy plants, processed and packaged heroin in Mexico, and transported it Fuentes intended to cut Colombia completely out of the picture. Illegal markets need to be made unprofitable, principally on the demand side, and particularly in the United States. Those entities identified would be prohibited from doing business in the United States. Later that day, more details emerged. Carlos Hank Gonzalez and his two eldest sons, Carlos Hank Rhon and Jorge Hank Rhon, have been the target of a American investigation since 1997. As he was readying to enter office, the drug kingpins became legitimately worried that things would not be business as usual, and pulled their money out of the Mexican economy. Initially stationed in Tijuana, officers are now spread across the entire border region. AFP, "Terrorism, drug trafficking named new threats for west," 10/19/00, internet. AFP, "190 Mexican died while trying to cross into US this year," 9/9/99, internet. Malherve is considered by the U.S. DEA to be the second most powerful drug trafficker in Mexico. The soldiers arrived at the residential neighborhood of Cortijo, inside three helicopters and a convoy of vehicles. The Amezcua brothers have been buying ephedrine in every major producing country in the world including China, India, Germany and the Czech Republic. In addition to the aggressive culture it brings to the region and the accompanying oppression of the Mexican people who are de-facto powerless in Mexican legal culture, the militarization slows the flow of legal and illegal commodities across the border. They only kill each other and an occasional "deserving/corrupt" politician. Una tradicin del norte del pas. The DEA estimated that Mexican police commanders routinely demand incoming officers to sign over a large percentage of their already low salaries, or risk receiving poor assignments and/or poor equipment. drugs, weapons and other items will be made available to the Federal Public They grew up in the small town of Vasco Gil, in the state of Durango. Fuentes was very tight with Jorge Hank, Jr. Jorge Hank, Sr. is one of the most powerful men in the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), the Mexican national party. Due to a disastrous string of bank failures, Mexico is now beginning to modernize its banking laws and grant its regulatory agencies concrete enforcement powers (AFP, 9/21/99). But he has not limited his focus to the northern border alone. AFP, "Mexican authorities investigate death of official accused of drug links," 5/29/99, internet. Ramos, an active PRI player, was commonly acknowledged to have been involved for many years in a multi-national auto-theft ring with underworld figures from Argentina and Colombia. All told, it is now estimated that there are more than 5 million illegal vehicles in Mexico, the bulk of which were stolen in the United States. There are probably a dozen Mexican syndicates that are involved in the drug trade. All five were killed in the encounter. Toluco needs to tighten up his own use lol. This outraged the Mexican leadership and resulted in a 1998 agreement that limits the ability of U.S. agents to work in Mexico. Harvey, Neil, Rebellion in Chiapas. With this new business arrangement, the power and wealth of the Mexican drug cartels exploded. In the early 1990s, the head of the Gulf Cartel (the most powerful Mexican cartel at the time) Garcia-Abrego, secured a major deal with the Colombian cartels that increased the Gulf Cartel's power even more. @2:12PM hey thanks for the link! It is alleged that his eldest son, Carlos Hank Rhon, launders drug money and had been closely associated with Amado Carillo Fuentes - the late head of the Juarez Cartel (AFP, 6/2/99). Numerous case studies provide support for this mistrust. AFP, "Durango drug cartel leader captured," 12/6/97, internet. (Zarembo, 2000, p. 36). Associated Press, "U.S. should accept more blame for drugs, Mexico's Fox says," 11/27/00, internet. They also used But this political backdrop is perhaps about to change. Meth production does have its problems(12), however, but with the proper equipment it is relatively easy to make, has a significant profit margin (as much as 1:10; see Arax and Gorman, 1995), and is going through a huge surge in popularity in the United States. Lyman, Michael and Gary Potter, Organized Crime. The certification process has allowed the PRI leadership to play one cartel against another and enrich itself. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 allowed for nearly 4 million illegals (the plurality of whom were from Mexico) to permanently stay in the U.S., apply for citizenship and ultimately bring in close relatives. [1] In 2001, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration identified the Durango Cartel as one of the six principal Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) engaged in trafficking drugs into the United States.[2]. He proposed a new plan for business with Colombia. IMPACT OF THE DRUG TRADE ON THE MEXICAN AND AMERICAN ECONOMIES The drug trade and the narco-dollars it generates is an integral aspect of virtually aspect of the Mexican economy, from the boardrooms and halls of government to the common farmers and slum dwelling "mules." There are currently more than 200 U.S. military personnel and 100 federal law enforcement agents stationed in Colombia. AFP, "Latin American leaders slam U.S. assessment on drug fighting efforts," 2/27/98, internet. Associated Press, "Mexican poll: Cops mistrusted," 9/17/96, internet. They are increasingly recruiting police and military personnel for their expertise and intelligence (UPI, 5/13/97). This came as a welcome breath of fresh air to the Mexican government. This organization is based in the city of Durango in the state of Durango, and is really a confederation of roughly six families. THE MEXICAN POLITICAL SCENE: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE Steps have been taken to move the Mexican political system toward legitimate multi-party status. Despite the in-roads made by the Mexican cartels and the 1997 decision by the Clinton Administration to focus on them, American law enforcement attention has now (late 2000) been diverted to Colombia and to what the Clinton Administration deems a more pressing problem. The Arrest At around 7:00 am on Friday, January 20, 2023, Crescencio Sandoval, the head of the Army announced that an operation to capture an important Sinaloa Cartel - Los Cabreras figure was currently being carried out in Durango. Christian Science Monitor, "Drugs surge from Mexico as U.S. hunts for solution," 2/29/96, p. 1, 10. Fucking idiot who linked this deadbeat to the H's. pounds of heroin, 13 pounds of cocaine, 47 properties, and $300,000. They have survived changing markets and fluctuating political climates. The Colombian profits would take a dive, but they would be alleviated of some of the risks involved in the business. Money came in so fast and furious that the Gulf Cartel leadership literally did not know what to do with it. He would bypass Colombia because of the unstructured and unstable cartels in Colombia at the time. Carlos, however, remains in a self-imposed exile in Cuba (he initially took up residence in Ireland but has since moved to Cuba), allegedly supported by at least $600 million stashed away in Swiss bank accounts. While such interdiction expenditures will surely continue into the future, the Cartels have proven to remarkably adaptive and creative; the latest innovation being the use of children as young as nine year old to smuggle drugs past the unsuspecting American agents (Schrader, 2000). The 31 states also have very little political power. Gallardo has long been known for advocating cooperation between the cartels. Herrera-Nevares was the patriarch of a huge criminal syndicate based in the Jaime Herrera-Herrera, Jr., were arrested in Mexico on drug charges and remain
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